Translations of $y=f(x)$

For the function $y=f(x + h) + k$.

1. If $h$ is positive, then the graph of $y=f(x)$ translates to the left $h$ units. If $h$ is negative, then the graph of $y=f(x)$ translates to the right $-h$ units.
2. If $k$ is positive, then the graph of $y=f(x)$ translates upwards $k$ units. If $k$ is negative, then the graph of $y=f(x)$ translates downwards $-k$ units.

Same Topic:

Enlargement of $y=f(x)$ Reflections of $y=f(x)$ Sine Law Trigonometric Functions for any Angles